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What Is the Ornish Diet? A Detailed Beginner’s Guide

Plant-based diets have been around since ancient times, and their staying power is backed by strong evidence that they're a smart bet for your health — particularly when it comes to protecting your heart.

The Ornish diet is one such eating plan. It follows lacto-ovo vegetarian guidelines, meaning it allows dairy and eggs in addition to plant-based foods. Developed by the physician Dean Ornish, MD, in 1977, its main aim is to reduce the risk of, or reverse the progression of, heart disease. But it can potentially help you lose weight and improve your overall health, too.

If you want to improve your heart health and overall well-being, the Ornish diet might be an option for you.

The Ornish Lifestyle Medicine diet plan is primarily intended for people with heart disease, those at risk of heart disease, and those with early-stage Alzheimer's disease.

The Ornish diet aims to improve not just your eating habits but also your quality of life by incorporating stress management, exercise, and group support plans.

On the plus side, it can:

  • Lower your risk of heart disease, because it's low in fat and high in plant-based and whole foods, and it encourages physical activity.

  • Reduce the risk of inflammation and related diseases, such as cancer, thanks to the antioxidants in plant-based foods.

  • Help you lose weight, if that's your aim.

“If people follow this diet as intended, the benefits include high amounts of fiber from complex carbohydrates like beans and vegetables,” Stefanski says. “The diet can also provide an abundance of antioxidants from fruits, beans, whole grains, and vegetables.”

The Ornish diet also has other advantages:

  • The foods are easy to find.
  • The plan promotes exercise and mindfulness to reduce stress via meditation, yoga, and breathwork.
  • Ornish has a nine-week guided program that includes classes, exercise gear, meal delivery, and a medical team of specialists to support you and help you reach your goals.

  • Your insurance may cover the cost of the program if you have certain health conditions.

In Best's view, the holistic approach is good news for your long-term health. “This lifestyle will allow the individual to integrate healthy practices as a whole person rather than focusing on diet and body weight alone,” she says.

“Weight is only one indicator of true health, and is often a poor indicator at that. Being physically active, living a primarily stress-free life, and having a supportive community makes your life as a whole more rich and healthy,” Best says.

Weight loss isn't necessarily the main aim, but research has linked lacto-ovo vegetarian diets like Ornish — which focus on complex carbs, fiber, and plant-based foods — to weight loss in people at risk for cardiovascular disease. One study found that when participants on a lacto-ovo vegetarian diet also restricted their calorie intake for the duration of the three-month trial, they successfully lost weight.

In one review, people who followed the Ornish diet without restricting their calorie intake lost an average of 2.9 to 3.5 percent of their body weight after six months and 2.6 to 3.2 percent after one year.

Best says the diet might make you more mindful of what you're consuming, as you have to keep track of your fat, protein, and carb intake.

If you're not happy with the weight loss that results only from changing food choices, the Ornish website recommends speaking with a dietitian. You may need to monitor your calories to induce additional weight loss.

“The Ornish diet could help someone lose weight if the combination of foods they're consuming and the increased physical activity puts the person in a calorie deficit,” Stefanski says. In other words, you still need to check you're burning more calories than you're consuming.

“Theoretically, if someone feels full consuming vegetables and beans, they may end up eating [fewer] calories than [...] their body is using to support life and activity,” she adds.

“For some people who struggle with a metabolic health profile that causes them to gain weight rather than lose it, they may need to follow this plan for an extended [...] time to overcome their body's tendency to store fat,” Stefaniski also notes.

U.S. News & World Report has ranked Ornish as the ninth best weight loss diet, although it scored only 3.0 out of 5, compared with 4.3 for WeightWatchers.

The Ornish diet may not suit everyone.

It can be hard to keep up in the long term for the following reasons:

  • It can be challenging to give up meat and fish.
  • Low levels of some nutrients can mean you need supplements.
  • High fiber levels might lead to bloating, constipation, gas, and diarrhea.
  • The food choices can feel bland and restrictive.

  • The 9-week program costs $9,500 if your insurance doesn't cover it.

Stefanski notes that people might abandon the diet out of boredom. Fat is tasty for humans, and fat-free food can be unsatisfying. The food options can also come to feel limited, she says.

Newer diet patterns that can benefit your heart and your weight include the Mediterranean and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diets. These allow for a higher percentage of calories from fat and may be easier to follow long-term.


Is Ornish Too Low in Fat?

Experts recommend keeping your total fat intake below 35 percent of your daily calories.

The Ornish diet, at 10 percent, is low in overall fat and extremely low in saturated fat.

Best doesn't think you need to worry about 10 percent being too low. She believes this can positively impact heart health and weight. “Generally, not getting enough fat in one's diet could be a concern,” Best says. But she adds that you're not likely to experience a fat deficiency on the Ornish diet.

In Best's view, “This fat intake is not a concerning number.”

In the early 2000s, when the Ornish diet was especially popular, many experts believed a total low-fat approach was best for health and decreasing chronic conditions, says Stefanski.

But fats are crucial to our diet.

 “Healthy fats are an important part of the human body,” says Stefanski. “Fatty acids are a part of all of our cell membranes, and they help us make hormones that regulate blood clotting and relaxation of artery walls, and they play a role in reducing inflammation.”

Very low fat levels “may contribute to dry skin and, in some cases, an essential fatty acid deficiency,” she says. “Newer versions of the Ornish plan recognize the role of omega-3 fats, but rather than encourage fish consumption, the Ornish diet program recommends consumption of omega-3 fatty acid supplements.”

While the Ornish diet recommends either vegetarian or fish oil-based cholesterol-free omega-3 supplements, “It's important to keep in mind that not everyone metabolizes vegetarian sources of omega-3 fats in the same manner,” Stefanski says. “The conversion process of vegetarian omega-3 fats may not provide the same benefits as consuming animal sources of omega-3 fats.”

Who Shouldn’t Follow Ornish?

Always check with your doctor before starting this or any other new diet, especially if you:

  • Are pregnant or breastfeeding
  • Have kidney failure
  • Have nutritional deficiencies
  • Have disordered eating or are underweight
Here's a cheat sheet for what to eat, limit, and avoid on the Ornish diet.

Top 10 Foods to Eat

  • Fruit
  • Vegetables
  • Legumes, such as lentils
  • Whole grains
  • Nonfat dairy products, such as yogurt
  • Egg whites
  • Tofu and other soy products
  • Herbs
  • Spices
  • Green tea

Top 10 Foods to Limit or Avoid

  • Low-fat packaged foods
  • Caffeinated beverages (maximum of 2 cups of green tea a day)
  • Full-fat dairy products
  • Fats
  • Refined carbs (maximum of 2 servings per day)
  • Alcohol (maximum of 1 serving per day)
  • Processed foods
  • Meat and poultry
  • Seafood
  • Egg yolks
Here are some foods you may want to add to your shopping list.

Ready to try out the Ornish diet? Ornish provides a number of meal plans, or you can try our suggestions below.

Day 1

Breakfast Egg white and vegetable frittata, garlic roasted potatoes, strawberries

Snack Nonfat plain soy yogurt, peaches, low-fat granola

Lunch Field green salad with balsamic vinaigrette, lentil chili, corn bread

Snack Sliced cucumber and carrots, hummus

Dinner Leafy green salad with fat-free Italian dressing, spinach and mushroom lasagna

Dessert Fruit salad with nonfat yogurt

Day 2

Breakfast Apple spice muffin, nonfat Greek yogurt with orange zest, blueberries

Snack Green smoothie with pineapple and mint

Lunch Coleslaw, black bean veggie burger, sweet potato fries

Snack Low-fat pesto dip with raw vegetables

Dinner Arugula salad with beets and oranges, crispy baked tofu, rainbow vegetables

Dessert Fat-free chocolate pudding with raspberries

Day 3

Breakfast Tofu scramble, country sweet potatoes, sliced melon

Snacks Nonfat yogurt parfait with fruit

Lunch Citrus salad, tacos with corn, edamole, smoky chipotle sauce

Snacks Sweet pea herb dip, low-fat whole-grain crackers

Dinner Green salad with lemon miso dressing, Thai vegetable curry, brown jasmine rice, 1 cup pineapple with chopped mint

Desert No-sugar-added fruit sorbet

Day 4

Breakfast Oatmeal with berries and soy milk

Snack Greek yogurt parfait with nonfat Greek yogurt, fresh fruit, and whole-grain cereal

Lunch Sandwich with hummus and veggies on whole-grain bread, apple

Snack Fresh fruit

Dinner Salad of greens and tomatoes with garlic, enchilada made with layers of tortilla, black beans, brown rice, enchilada sauce, spinach, onions, and other veggies

Dessert Low-fat zucchini chocolate cake

Day 5

Breakfast Southwest breakfast burrito (scrambled egg whites, black beans, salsa, nonfat cheese, and corn or whole-grain tortilla) and fresh fruit

Snack Garden Greens Smoothie with soy or other nondairy milk or water, your choice of fruit or veggies, and optional stevia

Lunch Salad (greens, chopped veggies, salad dressing, and beans), caramelized onion quesadilla with whole-grain tortilla, caramelized onion, spinach, black beans, and nonfat cheese

Snack Carrot sticks and hummus

Dinner Stir-fry with tofu, frozen mixed vegetables, brown rice, and soy sauce

Dessert Summer pudding using whole-grain bread

Day 6

Breakfast Whole-grain cinnamon French toast made with ¼ cup plain soy milk, egg white, 1 teaspoon (tsp) vanilla, dash of cinnamon, fruit and yogurt on top

Snack Fresh fruit

Lunch Barbecue chopped salad (black beans marinated in barbecue sauce, mixed greens, diced sweet potatoes, and sliced onions), baked corn chips

Snack Fruit smoothie

Dinner Salad (greens, chopped veggies, salad dressing, and beans), Cajun beans and rice (brown rice, black beans, 1 tsp Cajun spice, spinach or kale, salsa or hot sauce)

Dessert Apple couscous (choose naturally sweet apples and leave out the butter and sugar)

Day 7

Breakfast Egg white veggie scramble with 3 or 4 egg whites or egg substitute, 1 tsp nutritional yeast, and ½ to 1 cup fresh spinach, and salsa; country-style sweet potato

Snack Nonfat plain Greek yogurt parfait with fresh fruit, whole grains (whole-grain cereal, oats, or brown rice), and optional stevia

Lunch Salad (greens, chopped veggies, salad dressing, and beans), chili-baked potato

Snack Slice of whole-grain bread and hummus

Dinner Salad (greens, chopped veggies, salad dressing, and beans), whole-wheat spaghetti with white beans and marinara sauce, and fresh fruit

Dessert Banana pancakes

Ready to start the Ornish diet?

If you can afford it, or if your insurance will pay, now's the time to sign up for the Ornish Lifestyle Medicine nine-week program.

If you want to try Ornish without the program, here are some tips.

1. Plan Your First Week

Use the plan above or ideas from Ornish.com to decide on what to eat next week.

Set an achievable exercise target. For instance, plan to walk 30 minutes a day during your lunch break or after dinner. Set aside some time for deep breathing exercises or relaxation exercises, too.

And don't forget the social support aspect of the plan. Ornish's five ways to enhance connection can also improve your health.

2. Visit the Grocery Store

Most foods recommended on the Ornish diet are easily available, so take your list to your local store and stock up your cupboard.

Using colorful pens, write out a week's menu with the foods you have and post it where you can easily see it.

3. Log Your Progress

Prepare a journal to record your weight, exercise, food intake, stress reduction activities, time spent connecting socially, and any health results that may be relevant, such as cholesterol levels or blood pressure. The Ornish website even features an example of how to keep a food diary, though you can also find others online. Seeing your progress will help you stay motivated.

4. Seek Support

Encourage a friend to join you for exercise or share your plan so they can support you. Inviting someone to eat or walk with you can make it more of an adventure and help motivate you, as well as help you adhere to the social connection aspect of the Ornish plan.

5. Plan Ahead When Dining Out

When dining out, check whether the menu has Ornish-friendly options beforehand, or consider calling in advance to discuss substitutions or special preparations. You may be able to order something that's modified to your needs.

If you're eating with friends, suggest a vegan or vegetarian restaurant. Otherwise, many places will have vegan or vegetarian options.

Ornish recommends avoiding alcohol, but the plan allows for an occasional drink. For a drink you can nurse, top up a white wine with soda water to make a spritzer.

  • The Ornish diet is a low-fat diet that focuses on plant-based foods.
  • It's a holistic approach to eating that can help keep your heart and body healthy by reducing the risk of inflammation, encouraging you to get fit, helping you maintain social connections, and aiding in weight management.
  • Ornish can be hard to follow, especially if you're aiming to lose a lot of weight. There's also a risk of some vitamin deficiencies.
  • The Ornish diet can help if you're aiming to improve your heart health, especially if your insurance will cover the nine-week support program. Talk to your doctor to find out if it's appropriate for you.

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